ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the influence of the last apical instrument of the ProTaper system with and without 2.5% sodium hypochlorite for cleaning mandibular central incisors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty two mandibular central incisors were divided into six study groups: Group I - F1 instrument with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; Group II - F1 and F2 with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; Group III - F1, F2 and F3 with 2.5 percent sodium hypochlorite; Group IV - F1 with distilled water; Group V - F1 and F2 with distilled water; Group VI - F1, F2 and F3 with distilled water. The two remaining teeth comprised the negative control group. The specimens were prepared following the principles of the technique suggested by the manufacturer and then submitted to histological preparation and morphometric analysis. Data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal Wallis test at 1% significance level. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between all study groups, except between Groups I and VI. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that no technique allowed complete cleaning of the root canals. However, the technique of finishing preparation of the apical third with the F3 instrument with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation was the most effective.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Instruments , Root Canal Irrigants , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Incisor , Mandible , Smear Layer , Sodium Hypochlorite , WaterABSTRACT
The present study is aimed at evaluating the anatomic concurrence between foramen openings and root apexes of 247 upper and lower permanent human molar canals, the distance between these structures, the instrument that best fits into the root canal, as well as the direction of foramen deviation. Sixty-four of the canals were partially impenetrable and were discarded. The findings showed that 39.9% ofthe root canals studied had their apical foramen concurrent with their root apexes and 60.1% did not. Clinicians must be made aware of this important anatomical detail, which could be indispensable for successful endodontic treatment.
O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar a coincidência anatômica entre as aberturas foraminais e os ápices radiculares de 247 canais de molares humanos permanentes superiores e inferiores, a distância entre essas estruturas, a direção para a qual ocorreu o desvio do forame, bem como a lima que melhor se ajustou ao canal. Sessenta e quatro canais encontravam-se parcialmente impenetráveis, sendo descartados do estudo. Os resultados demonstraram que 39,9% dos canais radiculares estudados tiveram seus forames apicais coincidentes com os ápices radiculares, e 60,1% não. Os dados encontrados alertam para esse importante detalhe anatômico, que pode ser fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico.
Subject(s)
Endodontics , Root Canal Therapy , Tooth ApexABSTRACT
El presente estudio evaluó la permeabilidad dentinaria con azul de metileno al 2 por ciento en imágenes digitalizadas de las raíces distales de dientes molares inferiores mantenidos en agua destilada. Fueron utilizados 60 raíces, divididas en tres grupos con 20 muestras. Todas las raíces fueron instrumentadas por técnica escalonada e irrigadas con: grupo 1 glutaraldehído al 2 por ciento; grupo 2, hipoclorito de sodio al 2 por ciento; grupo 3, hipoclorito de sodio al 2 por ciento + EDTA. Inmediatamente después, se impermeabilizaron sus superficies externas, excepto la región periforaminal. Posteriormente las muetras fueron inmersas en el colorante de azul de metileno al 2 por ciento y permanecieron por 24 horas en un ambiente 100 por ciento de humedad. Inmediatamente se lavaron y seccionaron longitudinalmente. En las imágenes digitalizadas se realizó el cálculo del área coloreada utilizando el software AutoCAD Release 14. Los resultados estadísticos con análisis de varianza a través del test F-Snedecor (p<0.05) no muestran diferencias significativas entre las soluciones, pero el grupo 1 representó los menores valores